Tantangan Pertanian dan Perubahan Iklim

Abstract

Climate change is a serious challenge for the agricultural sector, especially in countries that depend on agricultural products. Increasing global temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events have significant impacts on land productivity, water availability, and farmer welfare. This article discusses the effects of climate change on agriculture, research methods used to understand its impacts, and adaptation strategies that can be applied. The results of the discussion indicate the need for cross-sector collaboration to mitigate the impacts of climatechange in the agricultural sector. Ironically, the agricultural sector also contributes to the acceleration of climate change through greenhouse gas emissions resulting from land clearing, the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers, and methane emissions from livestock. As a result, this sector faces a dual challenge, not only to adapt to the impacts of climate change but also to mitigate its own emissions to support the sustainabilityof the global ecosystem. Various adaptive and mitigative solutions have been identified, such as the implementation of climate-based technologies, the use of crop varieties resistant to extreme conditions, precision irrigation, agroforestry practices, and the use of renewable energy in the agricultural sector. In addition, strategic policies are needed to support investment in research and development, farmer education, and the provision of agricultural insurance to reduce the risks of losses due to climate change.

This abstract emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach between the government, private sector, academia, and society in addressing these challenges. Byprioritizing innovation and sustainable practices, the agricultural sector can transform to become more resilient, contribute to global emissions reduction, and ensure food security for the growingpopulation.